Total Defence in Comparative Perspective: Lessons from Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, and Singapore
As hybrid threats, cyberattacks, information warfare, pandemics, and critical infrastructure disruptions increasingly shape the global security environment, states are rediscovering an older but remarkably flexible doctrine: Total Defence. First articulated during the Cold War, Total Defence rests on a simple but powerful idea: national security is not the sole responsibility of the military but a […]
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